Liyatu Yusuf, 56, places clothing on a clothesline to sun-dry outside her dwelling at an internally displaced persons (IDP) camp in Durumi, Abuja on September 7, 2026. More than 2.2 million people remain displaced in northeast Nigeria, where a long-running insurgency has uprooted millions since 2009. Paved roads give way to a dirt path choked with overgrown shrubs, the barbed wire-topped walls of housing estates swapped for one-room shacks. Tucked among the suburbs of Abuja, Nigerians chased from their homes by a jihadist insurgency have been living in this makeshift internally displaced persons (IDP) camp for 15 years, with little to show it. But as presidential elections loom, many carry voters' cards. The country is gearing up for a January poll defined by a tough economy and rising insecurity -- and camp residents were bearing the brunt of both during a recent visit by AFP journalists to the settlement, just down the road from an expensive, highly secured international school. (Photo by Light Oriye Tamunotonye / AFP via Getty Images)

Halima Ali, 20, and Hawa Usman, 37, cook at an internally displaced persons (IDP) camp in Durumi, Abuja on September 7, 2026. More than 2.2 million people remain displaced in northeast Nigeria, where a long-running insurgency has uprooted millions since 2009. Paved roads give way to a dirt path choked with overgrown shrubs, the barbed wire-topped walls of housing estates swapped for one-room shacks. Tucked among the suburbs of Abuja, Nigerians chased from their homes by a jihadist insurgency have been living in this makeshift internally displaced persons (IDP) camp for 15 years, with little to show it. But as presidential elections loom, many carry voters' cards. The country is gearing up for a January poll defined by a tough economy and rising insecurity -- and camp residents were bearing the brunt of both during a recent visit by AFP journalists to the settlement, just down the road from an expensive, highly secured international school. (Photo by Light Oriye Tamunotonye / AFP via Getty Images)

Workers fill bags with rough rice harvested from a paddy field in Lampsar, on August 20, 2026. In Senegal, rice and fish are ubiquitous dietary staples and practically a matter of national pride, so growing the two side-by-side is logical, those involved say. The fish eat snails that cause the parasitic disease schistosomiasis, while also fertilizing the rice with their poop. The disease, which has a wide range of symptoms from itchy skin to anaemia or organ scarring, can be treated with medicine. But that doesn't prevent reinfection nor mitigate the time and money lost when children miss school and adults miss work, furthering cyclical poverty. (Photo by PATRICK MEINHARDT / AFP via Getty Images)

A master's student holds a Nile tilapia at the aquaculture department of Gaston Berger University in Saint-Louis on August 21, 2026. In Senegal, rice and fish are ubiquitous dietary staples and practically a matter of national pride, so growing the two side-by-side is logical, those involved say. The fish eat snails that cause the parasitic disease schistosomiasis, while also fertilizing the rice with their poop. The disease, which has a wide range of symptoms from itchy skin to anaemia or organ scarring, can be treated with medicine. But that doesn't prevent reinfection nor mitigate the time and money lost when children miss school and adults miss work, furthering cyclical poverty. (Photo by PATRICK MEINHARDT / AFP via Getty Images)

A general view of rough rice in a paddy field in Lampsar, on August 20, 2026. In Senegal, rice and fish are ubiquitous dietary staples and practically a matter of national pride, so growing the two side-by-side is logical, those involved say. The fish eat snails that cause the parasitic disease schistosomiasis, while also fertilizing the rice with their poop. The disease, which has a wide range of symptoms from itchy skin to anaemia or organ scarring, can be treated with medicine. But that doesn't prevent reinfection nor mitigate the time and money lost when children miss school and adults miss work, furthering cyclical poverty. (Photo by PATRICK MEINHARDT / AFP via Getty Images)

A general view of makeshift shelters at an internally displaced persons (IDP) camp in Durumi, Abuja on September 7, 2026. More than 2.2 million people remain displaced in northeast Nigeria, where a long-running insurgency has uprooted millions since 2009. Paved roads give way to a dirt path choked with overgrown shrubs, the barbed wire-topped walls of housing estates swapped for one-room shacks. Tucked among the suburbs of Abuja, Nigerians chased from their homes by a jihadist insurgency have been living in this makeshift internally displaced persons (IDP) camp for 15 years, with little to show it. But as presidential elections loom, many carry voters' cards. The country is gearing up for a January poll defined by a tough economy and rising insecurity -- and camp residents were bearing the brunt of both during a recent visit by AFP journalists to the settlement, just down the road from an expensive, highly secured international school. (Photo by Light Oriye Tamunotonye / AFP via Getty Images)

An aerial view of paddy fields in Lampsar, on August 20, 2026. In Senegal, rice and fish are ubiquitous dietary staples and practically a matter of national pride, so growing the two side-by-side is logical, those involved say. The fish eat snails that cause the parasitic disease schistosomiasis, while also fertilizing the rice with their poop. The disease, which has a wide range of symptoms from itchy skin to anaemia or organ scarring, can be treated with medicine. But that doesn't prevent reinfection nor mitigate the time and money lost when children miss school and adults miss work, furthering cyclical poverty. (Photo by PATRICK MEINHARDT / AFP via Getty Images)

Zainab Bukar, 50, prepares grains on a mat outside her shelter at an internally displaced persons (IDP) camp in Durumi, Abuja on September 7, 2026. More than 2.2 million people remain displaced in northeast Nigeria, where a long-running insurgency has uprooted millions since 2009. Paved roads give way to a dirt path choked with overgrown shrubs, the barbed wire-topped walls of housing estates swapped for one-room shacks. Tucked among the suburbs of Abuja, Nigerians chased from their homes by a jihadist insurgency have been living in this makeshift internally displaced persons (IDP) camp for 15 years, with little to show it. But as presidential elections loom, many carry voters' cards. The country is gearing up for a January poll defined by a tough economy and rising insecurity -- and camp residents were bearing the brunt of both during a recent visit by AFP journalists to the settlement, just down the road from an expensive, highly secured international school. (Photo by Light Oriye Tamunotonye / AFP via Getty Images)